Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu
Bhagwan Shiv as Nataraja, The Cosmic Dancer
By Bhavjot Bhasin
The Nataraja Temple located in Chidambaram is devoted to Bhagwan Shiv in his manifestation as Nataraja, the divine dancer of the cosmos. It serves as a symbol of spiritual significance and showcases the grandeur of ancient Indian architectural design.
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The origins of the temple can be traced to the Sangam period, which spanned from 300 BCE to 300 CE. Initially constructed by the Chola dynasty in the 9th century, it was subsequently enlarged by the Pallavas, Pandyas, and rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire.
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A distinctive aspect of the temple is the representation of Bhagwan Shiv as Nataraja, engaged in the Ananda Tandava, or the Dance of Bliss. This dance symbolizes the five fundamental activities of Shivji: creation, protection, destruction, embodiment, and release.
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The design of the temple holds significant symbolism, illustrating the relationship between the human form and the universe. Its four gopurams, or gateway towers, are oriented towards the cardinal directions and are embellished with intricate carvings.
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At the heart of the temple is the Chit Sabha, the golden hall, where the idol of Nataraja resides under a gold-plated roof. The nearby Kanaka Sabha is another hall used for rituals and ceremonies.
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One of the most enigmatic features of the temple is the Chidambara Rahasyam, a compact area adjacent to the idol of Nataraja. This space signifies the formlessness of Shiva, embodying the limitless essence of the divine.
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The temple is also closely associated with the sage Patanjali and saint Vyagrapada, who are believed to have worshipped Bhagwan Shiv here and witnessed his cosmic dance.
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In a remarkable fusion of faiths, the temple features a shrine to Govindaraja Perumal, showcasing the harmony between Shaivism and Vaishnavism. This inclusiveness makes the Nataraja Temple a unique spiritual centre.
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The temple’s majestic four gopurams and elaborate carvings showcase the craftsmanship of ancient Tamil architecture, making Chidambaram Nataraja Temple a must-visit site for spiritual seekers and history enthusiasts.
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